Public Administration- Meaning, Nature, Scope & Significance, Evolution and Present Status of the Discipline, Politics- Administration Dichotomy, Globalization and Public Administration, Paradigm shift from Government to Governance. Principles of Organization: Division of work, Hierarchy, Coordination, Unity of Command, Span of Control, Authority, Power and Responsibility, Delegation, Centralization and Decentralization, Line, Staff and Auxiliary Agencies, Leadership and Supervision, Decision-making and Communication. Meaning, Nature and Scope of Personnel Administration: Classification, Recruitment, Training, Promotion, Compensation and service conditions, Discipline, Civil Service Neutrality, Anonymity and Commitment, Professional Associations and Unionism
2Administrative Thought
Approaches to the study of Public Administration: Oriental - Kautilya, Classical - F W Taylor, Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick , Human Relations - Elton Mayo, Mary Parker Follett, Behaviouralism - Chester Barnard, Herbert Simon, Motivation - Abraham Maslow, Fredrick Herzberg, Douglas McGregor, Organizational Humanism - Chris Argyris, Rensis Likert, Writers on Administration: Dwight Waldo, Ferrel Heady, Robert Golembiewski and Peter Drucker, Minnobrook Perspective, New Public Service and Post Modernism
3Indian Administration
Evolution - Ancient, Mughal and British Periods, Constitutional Framework: Parliamentary and Federal Features. Union Government: President, Prime Minister & Council of Ministers, Cabinet Committees, Central Secretariat, Cabinet Secretariat, and Prime Minister Office. Election Commission and Electoral Reforms, Union State Relations. Accountability: Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. Citizen Grievance Redressal Mechanism: Lok Pal, Lok Ayukta, Central Vigilance Commission and Regulatory Authorities. Issue Areas: Politician and Civil Servant relations, Generalists and Specialists debate and Combating Corruption. Civil Services: Classification - All India Services, Central Services and State Services, Recruitment Agencies - Union Public Service Commission, State Public Service Commissions and other Commissions and Boards: Capacity Building of Civil Servants and Civil Service Reforms. Planning: Planning Commission, National Development Council, NITI Aayog, State Planning Commissions / Boards and Planning Departments. Judiciary: Indian Constitution and Independence of Judiciary: Supreme Court, High Courts, Judicial Review and Public Interest Litigation and Judicial Reforms. Police Administration and Reforms. E- Governance Initiatives in Indian administration
4State and Local Administration
State & Local Administration: Constitutional Framework of State Administration - State Legislature, Governor - Role and Functions, Chief Minister - Powers and Functions, Council of Ministers, Role and Functions of Chief Secretary, State Secretariat , Directorates and Commissionerate, District Administration - Concept and Evolution, District Collector - Power, Functions and Changing role, Autonomous District Councils - Structure, Powers and Functions, District Rural Development Agency, Evolution of Local Governance in India. Local Governance: 73rd & 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts: State Election Commission , State Finance Commission, District Planning Committee, Rural Governance - Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayats, Panchayat Samitis and Zila Parishads, Finance in PRIs, Personnel administration at local level, Policies and Programmes of Rural Development - MGNAREGA. Growth of Urbanization, Urban Governance - Structure, Composition, Functions of Municipal Corporations, Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats and Metropolitan Governance - Sources of Finance, Personnel Administration. Reforms in Urban Governance -Solid Waste Management, Smart and AMRUT cities
5Comparative and Development Administration
Comparative Public Administration: Concept, Nature, Scope and Significance of Comparative Public Administration, Public Administration and its Environment. Approaches and Methods to the study of Comparative Administration: Institutional, Behavioural, Structural-Functional, Ecological and Systems Approaches.Fred Riggs's Typology of Societies and Features, Problems of Comparative Research, Comparative Studies –Influence of Globalization, Salient Features of the administrative systems of UK, USA, France and Japan. Development Administration: Development and its Dimensions. Development and Modernization, Approaches to Development - Sustainable Development and Anti- Development, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Development Administration: Concept, Nature, Scope, Objectives, Features and Significance, Ecology of Development Administration, Contribution of Fred Riggs, Dwight Waldo and Edward Widener, Role of Bureaucracy in Development. Globalization and Development Administration, Emergence of Non-State actors in Development Administration, Public-Private Partnerships, Corporate Social Responsibility, Human Development Indicators and Social Audit
6Economic and Financial Administration
Economic Policies - Mixed Economy to Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization (LPG), New Economic Policy (NEP), Industrial Policy since Independence, Government in Business - Public Enterprises- Concept, Growth and Forms of Public Enterprises, Management, Problem of Accountability and Autonomy, Disinvestment Policies. Financial Administration: Public Finance - Revenue and Expenditure: Nature, Scope and Significance of Financial Administration, Budget - Meaning, Purpose and Significance, Budgetary Process - preparation, enactment and execution, Types of Budget - PPBS, Performance Budget, Zero-Based Budget and Gender Budget, Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBMA) and Sunset legislation. Fiscal Federalism - Union-State Financial Relations, Finance Commission. Financial Control- Legislature and Executive, Parliamentary Committees and Comptroller and Auditor General of India. Taxation policies - Principles of Taxation –Progressive and Proportional taxation - Reforms in Taxation policies
7Social Welfare Administration
Concept of Social Welfare, Social Justice and Social Change, Concept of Equity and Inclusiveness in Social Justice, Concept of Affirmative action-Reservations, Institutional arrangement for Social Welfare & Social Justice Administration, NGOs, Civil Societies and Voluntary Agencies, Policies, Programmes and Institutional Framework for the Protection and Welfare of SCs/ STs / OBCs/ Women/ Children, Aged, Differently-abled (Divyan, and Minorities Commissions - Women, SC/ST, Minority- Role and Functions. Disaster Management - Nature and Types of Disaster, Institutional Arrangements for Disaster Management, Role of State and Non-State actors
8Public Policy
Nature, Scope and Importance of Public Policy, Evolution of Public Policy and Policy Sciences, Public Policy and Public Administration. Approaches to Public Policy - Process Approach, Logical Positivism, Phenomenological Approach, Participatory and Normative Approaches. Theories and Models of Policy Making - Harold Lasswell, Charles Lindblom, Yehezkel Dror . Institutions of Policy Making - Legislature, Executive and Judiciary. Types of Policy Analysis - Empirical, Normative, Retrospective and Prospective, Prescriptive and Descriptive. Policy Implementation, Outcomes and Evaluation. Constraints on Public Policy - Socio-economic, Political, Institutional and Cultural. Role of Media, Public Opinion, Civil Society and Pressure Groups on Policy Making
9Governance and Good Governance
Ancient Discourse - Kautilya, Plato and Aristotle on Good Governance, Elements and Forms of Good Governance, Theories and Concepts of Governance - World Bank and UNDP, State, Market and Civil Society, Public Choice Theory, New Public Management, Public Value Theory, Governance as Theory, Governance and Public Governance. Networking and Collaborative Governance, Business Process Re-engineering, ICT and Governance - e-Government and e-Governance, e-Readiness and Digital Divide. Accountability, Openness and Transparency, Gender and Governance. Citizen and Governance: Civil Society - Role and Limitations, Citizen Participation, Right to Information - RTI Act and Administrative Reforms, National Information Commission, Citizen Charter - Concept, Objectives and Significance. Ethics and Public Accountability in Governance: Rule of Law and Administrative Law, Delegated Legislation and Administrative Adjudication. Ethical Foundations of Governance: Constitutional Values, Family, Society and Education
10Research Methodology
Social Science Research- Meaning and Significance, Distinction between Methodology and Method, Facts and Values in Research, Role of Research in Theory-Building, Scientific Method, Objectivity in Social Research, Types of Research, Identification of Research Problem, Hypotheses and Null- Hypotheses, Validation of Hypothesis, Research Design, Methods of Data Collection- Primary and Secondary sources- ( Observation, Questionnaire and Interview, Use of Library and Internet), Sampling and Sampling Techniques, Scales of Measurement, Analysis of Data and Use of Computers in Social Science Research- SPSS, Citation patterns and Ethics of Research , Bibliography, Report Writing
Paper-I — common to every subject
1Teaching Aptitude
Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding and Reflective), Characteristics and basic requirements.
Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.
Factors affecting teaching related to: Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment and Institution.
Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher centred vs. Learner centred methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs etc.).
Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern and ICT based.
Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer based testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.
2Research Aptitude
Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism and Post-positivistic approach to research.
Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative and Quantitative methods.
Steps of Research.
Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing.
Application of ICT in research.
Research ethics.
3Comprehension
A passage of text be given. Questions be asked from the passage to be answered.
4Communication
Communication: Meaning, types and characteristics of communication.
Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication.
Barriers to effective communication.
Mass-Media and Society.
5Mathematical Reasoning and Aptitude
Types of reasoning.
Number series, Letter series, Codes and Relationships.
Mathematical Aptitude (Fraction, Time & Distance, Ratio, Proportion and Percentage, Profit and Loss, Interest and Discounting, Averages etc.).
6Logical Reasoning
Understanding the structure of arguments: argument forms, structure of categorical propositions, Mood and Figure, Formal and Informal fallacies, Uses of language, Connotations and denotations of terms, Classical square of opposition.
Evaluating and distinguishing deductive and inductive reasoning.
Analogies.
Venn diagram: Simple and multiple use for establishing validity of arguments.
Structure and kinds of Anumana (inference), Vyapti (invariable relation), Hetvabhasas (fallacies of inference).
7Data Interpretation
Sources, acquisition and classification of Data.
Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
Graphical representation (Bar-chart, Histograms, Pie-chart, Table-chart and Line-chart) and mapping of Data.
Data Interpretation.
Data and Governance.
8Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
ICT: General abbreviations and terminology.
Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing.
Digital initiatives in higher education.
ICT and Governance.
9People, Development and Environment
Development and environment: Millennium development and Sustainable development goals.
Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on environment.
Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions.
Impacts of pollutants on human health.
Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear and Forests.
Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies.
Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance.
10Higher Education System
Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.
Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.
Oriental, Conventional and Non-conventional learning programmes in India.
Professional, Technical and Skill Based education.
Value education and environmental education.
Policies, Governance, and Administration.
Official UGC-NET syllabus (ugcnet.nta.ac.in), Paper-II subject units, verbatim.
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